BRC - Database of Insects and their Food Plants


		© Roger Key
Family	Torymidae
Sub Family
Description	a family of chalcid wasps
Background to Family	The two principal genera, Megastigmus and Torymus, include both phytophagous and parasitoid species. The herbivores, termed seed-wasps, are specialists, feeding mainly in seeds in the cones of conifers (Pinaceae and Juniperaceae), and also in the seeds and fruit of rosaceous trees and shrubs. Although not gall-inducers, seed wasp larvae can manipulate the host by redirecting seed-storage resources for their own development, even in unfertilised ovules. There are numerous pests. The parasitoids typically target gall-inducing species, from a range of families.

No. taxa in DBIF	28
No. interactions	133
% interactions with British data	20%
No. records	201
% taxa with British data	61%
Notes	Data currently unassessed by a specialist for changes in nomenclature, new species to the British list, new interactions, errors in original sources, and misspellings.; ;
Notes on Sources
Most recent source	1987

Below is a list of all sources for this family / sub-family contained within DBIF. Click on source name for a list of all records for this source.


Source	Sellenschlo, U. & Wall, I. (1984) Die Erzwespen Mitteleuropas 1-111:61
Source	Winter, T.G.(1978) Entomologist's mon. Mag. 114 24-24:24
Source	Roques, A. (1983) Les Insectes ravageurs des Cones et Grains de Coniferes en France 1-134:36
Source	Skrzypczynska, M.(1978) Z. Angew. ent. 85 204-215:205
Source	Skrzypczynska, M.(1981) Polskie Pismo Ent. 51 207-208:207
Source	Hussey, N.W.(1954) Leafl. For. Commn 8 1-10:4
Source	Askew, R.R. & Shaw, M.R.(1979) Publ. Lancs. & Cheshire Fauna Soc. 75 19-20:19
Source	Forestry Commission(1979) Q. Jl. For. 73:1 47-48:47
Source	Skrzypczynska, M. in ed. Yates, H.O. (1984) Proceedings of the Cone and Seed Insects Working Party Conference 6-14:10
Source	Roques, A. (1983) Les Insectes ravageurs des Cones et Grains de Coniferes en France 1-134:112
Source	Hussey, N.W.(1954) Leafl. For. Commn 8 1-10:3
Source	Hussey, N.W.(1954) Leafl. For. Commn 8 1-10:2
Source	Klausnitzer, B. (1978) Pflanzenschadlinge, Hauptflugler 9 1-212:154
Source	Boucek, Z.(1970) Entomologist's Gaz. 21:4 265-275:266
Source	Sellenschlo, U. & Wall, I. (1984) Die Erzwespen Mitteleuropas 1-111:58
Source	Boucek, Z.(1970) Entomologist's Gaz. 21:4 265-275:268
Source	O'Connor, J.P. & O'Connor, M.A.(1984) Entomologist's mon. Mag. 120 102-102:102
Source	Nikol'Skaya, M.N.(1956) Ent. Obozr. 35 570-580:573
Source	Roques, A.(1981) Acta Oecol., Oecol. Appl. 2 161-180:162
Source	Boucek, Z.(1970) Entomologist's Gaz. 21:4 265-275:269
Source	Boucek, Z.(1970) Entomologist's Gaz. 21:4 265-275:270
Source	Sellenschlo, U. & Wall, I. (1984) Die Erzwespen Mitteleuropas 1-111:62
Source	Boucek, Z.(1970) Entomologist's Gaz. 21:4 265-275:271
Source	Klausnitzer, B. (1978) Pflanzenschadlinge, Hauptflugler 9 1-212:157
Source	Klausnitzer, B. (1978) Pflanzenschadlinge, Hauptflugler 9 1-212:155
Source	Roques, A. (1983) Les Insectes ravageurs des Cones et Grains de Coniferes en France 1-134:72
Source	Boucek, Z. & Graham, M.W.R. de V.(1978) Entomologist's mon. Mag. 114 225-235:226
Source	Klausnitzer, B. (1978) Pflanzenschadlinge, Hauptflugler 9 1-212:156
Source	Roques, A. (1983) Les Insectes ravageurs des Cones et Grains de Coniferes en France 1-134:32
Source	Sellenschlo, U. & Wall, I. (1984) Die Erzwespen Mitteleuropas 1-111:59
Source	Wisniowski, B.(1987) Anz. Schadlingsk. Pfl.-Umweltschutz 60 67-68:67
Source	Sellenschlo, U. & Wall, I. (1984) Die Erzwespen Mitteleuropas 1-111:60
Source	Roques, A. (1983) Les Insectes ravageurs des Cones et Grains de Coniferes en France 1-134:28
Source	Roques, A. (1983) Les Insectes ravageurs des Cones et Grains de Coniferes en France 1-134:69

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